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Underdetermination of Theory
“The same available evidence may be compatible with more than one theoretical explanation.”
01 / SUMMARY
In short
Underdetermination marks a possible gap between evidence and theory choice: data may not select a unique explanation on their own. Its scope and severity remain philosophically disputed.
03 / SCENE
In the wild
Two models predict the observed data equally well but disagree about phenomena not yet measured.
04 / LIMIT
The limit
Multiple compatibility does not make every theory equally good or leave evidence powerless to constrain.
FINAL NOTE
What remains
Seek predictions that separate rivals and state the additional criteria used to choose.